Carbon nanotube–polyaniline composites

The last decade has seen a growing interest in hybrid electrically conducting nanocomposites. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of the present status of research in carbon nanotube–polyaniline (CNT/PANI) composites, from processing to structural and property evaluations. CNT/PANI are synthesized by electrochemical and chemical processing. When chemical methods are used, the main challenge is to obtain processable CNT/PANI in the emeraldine salt (ES) form composites. Stable dispersions of ES–CNT in organic media are prepared using the post doping method, inverse emulsion polymerization, or ex situ polymerizations. On the contrary, stable water dispersions of CNT/ES are prepared using hydrophilization of a preformed CNT/ES composite, direct synthesis of micelle–CNT hybrid templates, interfacial polymerization, covalent functionalization of CNT with a water soluble polymer, or using electrostatic interactions between two oppositely charged ES and CNT aqueous colloids. Moreover, the strategies for the synthesis of ternary CNT/PANI composites incorporating noble metal nanoparticles, metal oxide, or graphene sheets are also presented and analyzed in depth. Finally, we give a review of potential applications, including chemical sensors, capacitors, fuel cells and electronic devices.     

变压器磁铁固定座全自动级进式精密注塑模设计

根据变压器磁铁固定座结构特点,用辅助料带将金属端子串联在一起,再通过气缸和双推板脱模机构,使注塑模具能够像冲压模具那样可以进行全自动级进式进料和脱模。同时模具采用浮动式侧向抽芯机构,巧妙地解决了料带定位镶件和滑块相互干涉的问题。模具结构先进合理、快速高效,塑件尺寸精度得到了大幅提高。     

化学微推冲阵列传热过程数值模拟

根据燃烧传热原理,建立了阵列单元燃烧传热过程的一维有限差分模型,运用此模型对装填斯蒂酚酸铅的7740玻璃、环氧树脂、微晶玻璃和硅药室单元燃烧40～80 ms过程中室壁温度成长和温度分布进行了数值模拟.结果表明,药室材料的导热系数和单元燃烧时间是影响温度成长和推冲单元分布的主要因素.低导热系数和短燃烧时间有利于提高相同面积上推冲单元的分布数.其中单元燃烧时间影响更大,导热系数增加100～1000倍时,热量传导的临界距离增加3.3～6.3倍,而燃烧时间增加一倍时,临界距离增加3～5倍,但都在微米级,硅药室为150～450 μm,其余三种为20～160 μm.     

Evaluation of dosimetry effect of lack of side-scatter volume on large field measurements with a MapCheck detector array

In this paper,we describe a quantitative evaluation of the dosimetry effect of lack of side-scatter volume (LSSV).MapCheck,an integration diode array,was used to measure dose maps for three large non-IMRT fields (30cm×30 era and 40 cm×40 cm open fields,and 30 cm×30 cm wedge field with wedge angle of 60°) and 19 large IMRT fields.For each field,measurement was performed twice,under the conditions of (1) full scatter volume and (2) LSSV.Condition 1 was satisfied by adding PMMA slabs against the side of the MapCheck,and Condition 2,without PMMA slabs.The measured dose maps were compared with pass rate and their difference was scored when the acceptance criterion was set to 0.5%,1%,2%,3%,etc.For very large open fields,the effect of LSSV may be clinically significant,while for large wedge fields and IMRT fields,the effect is negligible.     

三角形排列的紧密栅元棒束内流动行为的数值模拟

对三角形排列紧密栅元通道内的空气湍流流动进行了数值研究,系统考察了涡粘性和雷诺应力两类湍流模型模拟紧密栅元通道内流动特征的适用性.结果表明:SSG雷诺应力模型对流动有较好的模拟,这说明湍流各项异性的模拟在紧密栅元中十分重要;不同雷诺数和几何结构下的模拟显示,二次流的大小和雷诺数的相关性不大.但随着棒间距和棒径比(P/D)的增大,二次流减小.     

All‐subsets regression under effect heredity restrictions for experimental designs with complex aliasing

We consider an all‐subsets regression method for models under effect heredity restrictions for experimental designs with complex aliasing, whose number of potential main effects and two‐factor interactions exceed the number of runs. In this paper, we present an algorithm that systematically attempts to fit all such models. We illustrate the algorithm with two published experiments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Design of and experiment on the polarization dehazing imaging system

In view of the requirement of image quality, integration level and real-time application of the imaging systems under fog weather, this paper reports a polarization imaging system with a dehazing ability. The differential signal is converted by FPGA, and a highly integrated CMOS imaging circuit is built based on the internal PLL of the image sensor and the CamLink protocol. The obtained image is inversed by stokes equations, and the real-time dehazing algorithm is realized by the built-in DSP module. The total size of the polarization imaging system is 117mm×117mm×126mm, and the weight of the system is 1.2kg. An imaging experiment was made under fog weather, and the dehazing ability of the imaging system is proved by the contrast of the original image and the dehazed image's histogram and RGB distribution. Experimental results show that the imaging system can stably obtain a color dehazed image at 2048×2048@180Hz.     

Remarkable enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanorod array by utilizing energy transfer between Eosin Y and Rose Bengal for visible light-driven hydrogen evolution

In this work, we suggested that an efficient ZnO-based photocatalyst can be prepared utilizing energy transfer among organic dyes for visible light-driven hydrogen evolution. Followed this idea, a photocatalytic system containing Eosin Y, Rose Bengal, ZnO nanorod array and Pt was fabricated. Meanwhile, photocatalytic H₂ evolution over the as-prepared photocatalytic system was explored. The results indicate that the visible photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanorod array can be obviously enhanced utilizing the energy transfer between Eosin Y and Rose Bengal. This photocatalytic system possesses high activity for visible light-driven H₂ evolution. A rate of H₂ evolution of approximate 0.52 L m^?2 h^?1 was achieved under optimal condition, which is 130% and 58% higher than those of the photocatalytic systems containing individual dye, respectively. The present results may reveal a new strategy for preparation of efficient visible photocatalyst.     

Performance of microwave synthesized dual solvent dope solution and lithium bromide additives on poly(ethersulfone) membranes

BACKGROUND: Generally the fabrication of polymeric membranes is a complicated and expensive process since it involves several steps. The preliminary preparation steps involve polymer drying and dissolution and is very time consuming and expensive. Currently, conventional electrothermal heating (CEH) is used to dissolve polyethersulfone in an aprotic solvent for membrane fabrication. Usually CEH requires 6 to 8 h at temperatures of 80 to 95 °C. This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of polyethersulfone (PES) asymmetric ultrafiltration membrane made from microwave (MW) synthesis casting solution consisting of various compositions of double solvents and lithium bromide (LiBr) additive. RESULTS: Homogeneous dual solvent dope solutions prepared via microware irradiation took only 1 h instead of the 7 h when prepared using CEH. The results also revealed that the membrane permeation and rejection rates, pore size and porosity were dependent on the ratio of LiBr to acetone. Membranes with LiBr kept at 2 and 3 wt% exhibited both high rejection and permeation rates with minimum pore sizes of 1.067 and 1.214 nm respectively. The presence of LiBr and the occurrence of chain scission were elucidated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy while its hydrophilic property was confirmed by water absorption and contact angle measurements. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the microwave technique is capable of producing 1 L membrane solutions in less than 1 h. The membranes prepared from the microwave solutions show good rejection and permeation rates. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry